## **SPY Downside Risk - Bond Flow Indicator**
### 📊 **Overview**
A professional bond market risk monitoring indicator that assesses SPY (S&P 500 ETF) downside risk by tracking Treasury yield spreads and credit spreads. The indicator provides two complementary display modes for comprehensive market analysis.
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### 🎯 **Key Features**
#### **Mode 1: Spreads Analysis**
Monitor critical fixed-income risk indicators:
- **10Y-2Y Treasury Spread**
- 🔵 Blue Line (> 20bp): Normal economic expansion
- 🟠 Orange Line (0-20bp): Flight-to-safety sentiment emerging
- 🔴 Red Line (< 0bp): **Yield curve inversion - Recession warning**
- **HY-IG Credit Spread** (High Yield - Investment Grade)
- 🟣 Purple Line: Credit spread widening - Rising default risk
- 🟢 Green Line: Credit spread tightening - Risk appetite improving
#### **Mode 2: Bond ETFs Capital Flow**
Track capital movements across four major bond ETFs:
- **SHY** (🔴 Red): 1-3 Year Treasury - Short-term safety
- **TLT** (🟠 Orange): 20+ Year Treasury - Long-term safety
- **LQD** (🟡 Yellow): Investment Grade Bonds - Quality credit
- **HYG** (🔵 Blue): High Yield Bonds - Risk appetite
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### 🔧 **Input Parameters**
| Parameter | Default | Description |
|-----------|---------|-------------|
| **Display Mode** | Spreads | Choose between "Spreads" or "Bond ETFs" view |
| **ROC Period** | 10 | Rate of change period (for Bond ETFs mode smoothing) |
| **10Y-2Y Threshold** | 20 bp | Spread narrowing threshold indicating safe-haven flows |
| **VIX Filter Level** | 18 | Volatility threshold for heightened market stress |
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### 📈 **How to Use**
#### **Yield Curve Inversion Signal**
When 10Y-2Y spread inverts (< 0bp):
- Historically precedes recession within 6-24 months
- Equity markets may face correction in 3-12 months
- Consider defensive positioning (bonds, gold, utilities)
#### **Credit Spread Expansion**
When HY-IG spread rapidly widens:
- Corporate default risk increasing
- Capital flowing from risky assets to safety
- Potential equity market pullback ahead
#### **Capital Flow Analysis**
- **SHY ⬆️ + HYG ⬇️** = Risk-off mode, equity pressure mounting
- **HYG ⬆️ + SHY ⬇️** = Risk-on sentiment, bullish for equities
- **TLT surge** = Long rates falling, economic slowdown expected
- **LQD + HYG divergence** = Credit quality differentiation
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### 📊 **Real-Time Debug Table**
Upper-right corner displays key metrics:
**Spreads Mode:**
- **10Y-2Y Spread**: Current yield curve spread (basis points)
- **Credit Spread**: HY-IG spread (basis points)
- **VIX**: Market volatility index
**Bond ETFs Mode:**
- **SHY Flow**: Short-term Treasury momentum (%)
- **HYG Flow**: High-yield bond momentum (%)
- **VIX**: Market volatility index
**Color Coding:**
- 🔴 Red = High risk / Inverted
- 🟠 Orange = Caution / Elevated
- 🔵 Blue/Gray = Normal conditions
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### ⚠️ **Trading Signals**
#### **High Risk Scenarios**
1. **Yield curve inverted** (Red line < 0) + **VIX > 18** (Orange)
- Action: Reduce equity exposure, increase cash/bonds
2. **Credit spread widening** + **HYG Flow negative**
- Action: Avoid high-yield debt, favor quality bonds
3. **SHY Flow positive** + **SPY declining**
- Action: Flight-to-safety confirmed, defensive positioning
#### **Bullish Scenarios**
1. **Steep yield curve** (Blue line > 50bp) + **HYG Flow > 3%**
- Action: Risk-on environment, equity allocation appropriate
2. **Credit spread tightening** + **Low VIX** (< 15)
- Action: Favorable credit conditions, growth exposure
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### 🔔 **Alert System**
**Built-in Alert:**
- **Treasury Spread Inversion Alert**: Triggers when 10Y-2Y spread crosses below 0
**How to Set Up:**
1. Click "Create Alert" in TradingView
2. Select condition: "Treasury Spread Inversion Alert"
3. Configure notification preferences
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### 📚 **Data Sources**
**Treasury Yields** - Federal Reserve Economic Data (FRED):
- `DGS2`: 2-Year Treasury Constant Maturity Rate
- `DGS10`: 10-Year Treasury Constant Maturity Rate
**Credit Spreads** - FRED:
- `BAMLC0A1CAAAEY`: ICE BofA US Corporate Index Option-Adjusted Spread
- `BAMLH0A0HYM2`: ICE BofA US High Yield Index Option-Adjusted Spread
**ETF Data** - AMEX/NASDAQ:
- iShares 1-3 Year Treasury Bond ETF (SHY)
- iShares 20+ Year Treasury Bond ETF (TLT)
- iShares iBoxx $ Investment Grade Corporate Bond ETF (LQD)
- iShares iBoxx $ High Yield Corporate Bond ETF (HYG)
**Volatility** - CBOE:
- VIX Index (Volatility Index)
**Update Frequency**: Daily (FRED data typically 1-2 day lag)
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### 💡 **Best Practices**
1. **Timeframe**: Use on **Daily charts** for optimal signal quality
2. **Confirmation**: Combine with SPY price action, volume, and momentum indicators
3. **Risk Management**: Signals are early warnings - adjust positions gradually
4. **Mode Switching**: Toggle between modes weekly to understand both spread dynamics and flow patterns
5. **Historical Context**: Review past inversion periods (2000, 2007, 2019) for signal validation
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### 📖 **Interpretation Guide**
#### **Recession Probability Matrix**
| 10Y-2Y Spread | Credit Spread | VIX | Risk Level |
|---------------|---------------|-----|------------|
| < -20bp | Widening | > 25 | 🔴 Very High |
| -20bp to 0 | Widening | > 18 | 🟠 High |
| 0-20bp | Stable | 15-18 | 🟡 Moderate |
| > 20bp | Tightening | < 15 | 🟢 Low |
#### **Lead Times (Historical Average)**
- Yield curve inversion → Recession: **12-18 months**
- Credit spread surge → Equity peak: **3-6 months**
- Safe-haven flows → Volatility spike: **1-4 weeks**
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### 🎓 **Educational Notes**
**Why Monitor Treasury Spreads?**
- Long-term rates reflect growth expectations
- Short-term rates reflect Fed policy
- Inversion = Market expects Fed to cut rates (recession ahead)
**Why Track Credit Spreads?**
- Measures corporate borrowing stress
- Leading indicator of credit cycle turns
- High correlation with equity risk premiums
**Why Bond ETF Flows Matter?**
- Real-time capital allocation signals
- Faster than spread movements
- Shows risk sentiment shifts
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### ⚙️ **Technical Specifications**
- **Version**: PineScript v5
- **Type**: Indicator (Non-overlay)
- **Calculation**: Daily timeframe only
- **Lookback Period**: 10 bars (customizable for ETF mode)
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### 🚨 **Risk Disclaimer**
**IMPORTANT NOTICES:**
1. **Historical Performance**: Past yield curve inversions don't guarantee future recession timing
2. **False Signals**: Brief inversions (<30 days) may not indicate recession
3. **Data Lag**: FRED economic data has 1-2 business day delay
4. **Complementary Tool**: Use alongside fundamental and technical analysis
5. **Not Financial Advice**: For educational and research purposes only
**This indicator does not:**
- Provide specific buy/sell signals
- Guarantee trading profits
- Replace professional financial advice
- Account for individual risk tolerance
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